Benzodiazepin-Entzug – Wann lassen die Symptome nach?

What is benzodiazepine withdrawal and why is it so challenging?

Benzodiazepine withdrawal is the process by which people stop taking tranquillizers of the benzodiazepine group. These drugs are often used for anxiety disorders, insomnia and relaxation, but can be addictive if used for long periods of time. While withdrawal from benzodiazepines can cause physical and psychological discomfort, it is important to understand that it occurs in individual phases. Benzodiazepines strongly influence the central nervous system by increasing the calming neurotransmitters in the brain. Withdrawal sets in when the body has to cope without these active substances, which can result in a variety of symptoms. However, a targeted approach and support can help to make the process more bearable.

When does the "worst" begin?

Typical withdrawal phases

Withdrawal from benzodiazepines can be divided into several phases, which vary in severity depending on the duration and dosage taken and the individual's condition.

-Acute phase: As a rule, the acute phase occurs just a few hours to days after the last dose. It is characterized by the strongest symptoms, as the body and nervous system have to adapt abruptly to the changed conditions. This phase can last from a few days to two weeks and often involves a high level of physical and emotional stress.

-Subacute phase: After around one to two weeks, the withdrawal symptoms usually subside slowly, even if they are still present. In this phase, those affected often experience a gradual improvement, whereby the symptoms occur in phases and can be more intense in waves.

-Long-term phase: Long-term symptoms, particularly of a psychological nature, can persist for months in some people. These often include anxiety, sleep problems and occasional mood swings which, although less intense, can still be distressing. The long-term phase is often the time when many realize that the worst is over, but a full recovery still takes time.

When is the worst of benzodiazepine withdrawal over?

Many people going through withdrawal from benzodiazepines wonder when the worst is over. In general, it can be said that the most difficult moments usually occur in the first one to two weeks after discontinuation. During this time, the nervous system reacts intensely to the absence of the medication, which makes the acute phase a challenging time. After about four to six weeks, most people experience significant relief from the severe symptoms. However, milder symptoms may still be present after this time, but they often decrease in intensity. The point at which the worst is over is often individual, but many people feel more stable and less stressed after the first few weeks.

Factors that influence withdrawal

The course of benzodiazepine withdrawal is influenced by numerous factors that can determine the intensity and duration of symptoms.

-Duration of use and dose: People who have taken benzodiazepines over a longer period of time or in high doses usually experience more intense and longer-lasting symptoms, as the body is more adapted to the substance.

-Abrupt discontinuation vs. tapering: Abrupt discontinuation increases the risk of more severe withdrawal symptoms. Therefore, experts usually recommend reducing the dose gradually to minimize symptoms and gradually relieve the body.

-Mental health and support: People who experience mental support during withdrawal usually cope better with the symptoms. Stable mental health can also have a positive influence on the course of withdrawal, as those affected are more emotionally resilient and better able to cope with stress.

Supporting strategies: How withdrawal can be alleviated

There are various strategies that can ease the withdrawal process and reduce the strain on body and mind.

-Medical care: Regular monitoring by doctors and therapists ensures that the withdrawal process is safe and possible side effects are recognized early on. Good medical care can help to make withdrawal feel less intense and avoid possible complications.

-Mindfulness and relaxation techniques: Methods such as meditation, progressive muscle relaxation and breathing exercises can help to reduce the stress and anxiety that often occur during withdrawal. Mindfulness exercises help the body to relax and alleviate emotional fluctuations.

-Healthy lifestyle: A healthy lifestyle with sufficient sleep, a balanced diet and regular exercise promotes the body's recovery. Exercise releases endorphins that can increase well-being, while a balanced diet ensures that the body receives the necessary nutrients for the healing process.

When is full recovery achieved?

Full recovery from benzodiazepine withdrawal can take some time, with the intensity and duration of symptoms varying from person to person. Many sufferers report that the most severe symptoms have greatly diminished after about six to twelve months. More persistent symptoms, particularly psychological symptoms such as anxiety or insomnia, may still be present, but in a weaker form. For many people, the recovery phase means that the body and nervous system slowly get used to normality. Full stabilization occurs over time for most people, although the exact duration is individual and ranges from months to a year.